Chemotherapy is a commonly used clinical treatment for tumors, but single-molecule chemotherapeutics have low bioavailability and large side effects, which could be a significant burden to patients and their families. Nanotechnology prepares\u00a0single-molecule chemotherapeutic drugs into nanometer drugs, which\u00a0can achieve tumor targeting and controllable release of chemotherapeutic drugs, thereby improving the therapeutic effect and reducing toxic and side effects, which is conducive to achieving high-efficiency and low-toxicity chemotherapy.<\/p>\n
Mesoporous silica nanomaterials have the advantages of simple synthesis, controllable structure, good chemical tailoring and biocompatibility,\u00a0and are a nano-medicine carrier platform with good clinical application prospects. According to the characteristics of micro-acid, hypoxia and high redox\u00a0in the tumor microenvironment, researchers have developed a variety of intelligent mesoporous silica nanoccarriers that respond to the degradation of endogenous characteristics in the tumor microenvironment and trigger controllable drug release. To improve the controllability of drug release, it is still necessary to develop mesoporous silica nano-medicine carriers that can be degraded in response to regionally applied external stimuli such as light, sound, electricity, and magnetism.<\/p>\n
Recently, on the basis of the research on the disselenium bridged mesoporous silicon material that was degraded responsively to redox dual stimulation in the early stage, a research team\u00a0discovered that the material can be degraded with X-ray controllability. The researchers optimized the preparation process to obtain di-selenide bridged mesoporous silica with moderate particle size, pore size and selenium content, which is used to support the traditional chemotherapy drug doxorubicin. The nanomedicine has sensitive and controllable X-ray responsive degradation ability, and can cause rapid matrix disintegration and explosive drug release under low-dose X-ray (1 Gy) irradiation.<\/p>\n
In order to improve the enrichment ability of nano-drugs at tumor sites, the researchers used bionic strategies to coat tumor cell membranes on the surface of the drugs, which improves the stability and prolongs blood circulation time, giving the materials better tumor targeting. In cell and animal models, the bionic nano-drug realizes low-dose X-ray-mediated high-efficiency chemotherapy and significantly reduces the toxic side effects of doxorubicin. This kind of treatment strategy can also induce the death of tumor cell immune prototype, so that the body produces a tumor-specific immune response. Combination with a PD\u2010L1 checkpoint blockade further enhances inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis with low systemic toxicity, achieving\u00a0a better therapeutic effect on the metastatic tumor.\u00a0Together, the findings show the promise of these biomimetic, radiation\u2010responsive diselenide\u2010bond\u2010bridged MONs in chemo\u2010immunotherapy.<\/p>\n