Targeted Delivery Methods for Anticancer Drugs

Veselov, VV; Nosyrev, AE; Jicsinszky, L; Alyautdin, RN; Cravotto, G

Abstract

Simple Summary The current main technological strategies for the delivery of anticancer drugs are discussed herein. This comprehensive review may help researchers design suitable delivery systems. Several drug-delivery systems have been reported on and often successfully applied in cancer therapy. Cell-targeted delivery can reduce the overall toxicity of cytotoxic drugs and increase their effectiveness and selectivity. Besides traditional liposomal and micellar formulations, various nanocarrier systems have recently become the focus of developmental interest. This review discusses the preparation and targeting techniques as well as the properties of several liposome-, micelle-, solid-lipid nanoparticle-, dendrimer-, gold-, and magnetic-nanoparticle-based delivery systems. Approaches for targeted drug delivery and systems for drug release under a range of stimuli are also discussed.

Keywords: nanocarriers; metal nanoparticles; dendrimers; oligo- and polysaccharides; solid-lipid systems; stimuli-responsive

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Drug Targeting Strategy

Nanocarriers play a key role in the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. Through rationally designed nanocarriers, anticancer drugs can be accurately delivered to tumor tissues, improving therapeutic effects and reducing damage to normal tissues. The mechanism of this targeted delivery mainly includes two aspects. First, nanocarriers can be surface-modified with specific ligands or antibodies so that they can selectively bind to molecular markers on the surface of cancer cells. The selective recognition ability of this ligand or antibody enables the nanocarrier to interact with cancer cells highly specifically and improve the enrichment of drugs on cancer cells. Secondly, the size and surface properties of nanocarriers can take advantage of the special physiological and pathological characteristics of tumor tissue, such as the proliferation and vascular leakage of tumor tissue, to achieve passive targeting. Nanocarriers increase drug accumulation in diseased sites by enhancing permeability and retention time in tumor tissues. This targeted delivery method allows anti-cancer drugs to act on cancer cells more effectively, reduces damage to healthy tissues, and provides a more precise and effective means for cancer treatment.

• Active Drug Targeting by PEGylated Ligands
• Active Drug Targeting by Peptides or Receptor-Ligands
• Active Drug Targeting by Receptor-Specific Ligands

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