Lipid Nanoparticles for the Posterior Eye Segment

Bonilla, L; Espina, M; Severino, P; Cano, A; Ettcheto, M; Camins, A; Garcia, ML; Souto, EB; Sanchez-Lopez, E

Abstract

This review highlights the application of lipid nanoparticles (Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Nanostructured Lipid Carriers, or Lipid Drug Conjugates) as effective drug carriers for pathologies affecting the posterior ocular segment. Eye anatomy and the most relevant diseases affecting the posterior segment will be summarized. Moreover, preparation methods and different types and subtypes of lipid nanoparticles will also be reviewed. Lipid nanoparticles used as carriers to deliver drugs to the posterior eye segment as well as their administration routes, pharmaceutical forms and ocular distribution will be discussed emphasizing the different targeting strategies most recently employed for ocular drug delivery.

Keywords: DRUG-DELIVERY SYSTEMS; OCULAR DELIVERY; IN-VITRO; DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; OPHTHALMIC DELIVERY; SUSTAINED-RELEASE; MITOMYCIN-C; CARRIERS; CHITOSAN; OPTIMIZATION

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Lipids

Lipid nanoparticles have shown significant potential in the field of ocular therapeutics. This nanotechnology improves the permeability and bioavailability of drugs within eye tissue by encapsulating drugs in tiny lipid particles. The tiny size of lipid nanoparticles allows them to traverse eye tissue more efficiently, enabling precise drug delivery and thereby improving treatment effectiveness. In addition, they can extend the release time of drugs and reduce the frequency of dosing. In the treatment of eye diseases, inflammation and infection after eye surgery, lipid nanoparticles have demonstrated a more precise and effective treatment method, providing new possibilities for the maintenance of eye health.