-
Phospholipids—the Basic Composition of Liposomes
Phospholipids are the basic materials composing liposomes, which also determine the liposome’s physical and chemical properties. Factors affecting the stability of liposome formulations include the phase transition temperature and electric charges associated with phospholipids, the particle size associated with the manufacturing process, and the temperature, pH, and ionic strength associated with the environment. The type and amount of phospholipids are essential for the preparation of liposomes. Classification of Phospholipids Phospholipids are divided into phosphoglycerides and sphingomyelins by structure. Glycerol phosphate (PG) is composed of a hydrophilic polar head and two hydrophobic tails. The 1st and 2nd hydroxyl groups on the glycerol skeleton are esterified with fatty acids, and the 3rd…
-
Application of Liposome as Drug Carrier
Liposomes are bilayer vesicles composed of phospholipids as the main material, and were first discovered by Bangham, a British scientist. Liposome’s structure is similar to biofilm, also known as artificial biofilm, and is widely used to study the structure and function of biofilm. Liposome used as a drug carrier began in the early 1970s. Due to the advantages of biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and non-immunogenicity, liposomes have rapidly developed as new drug dosage forms. After more than 40 years of research, there are currently 12 liposomal preparations on the market. The drugs involved include adriamycin hydrochloride, amphotericin, muramyl-tripeptide, paclitaxel, gentamicin, and cytosine arabinoside, etc. In addition, various types of liposomes are…